In 2005, he was scouted by Belgian club Anderlecht and signed a three-year contract with the club. After spending months at the club’s reserve, he made his debut for Anderlecht in a Belgian Cup match which they lost to Geel after Tioté missed his penalty. The following month, Tioté made his UEFA Champions League debut, where he made his first start in Matchday 6 Group Stage, in a 1–0 loss against Real Betis. It was not until 18 March 2006 that he made his league debut for the club, coming on as a late substitute, in a 4–0 win over Beveren. After making another league appearance, Tioté went on to make four appearances in all competitions in the 2005–06 season. The following season saw Tioté make three appearances in all competitions, due to spending the most of the season with injuries.

In the 2007–08 season, he played on loan for Roda JC on a season-long loan deal, where he played alongside his countryman Sekou Cissé. After making his first start on his Roda JC debut, in a 5–3 win over VVV-Venlo on 2 September 2007, he scored his first goal for the club, in a 3–1 loss against Feyenoord. Since making an impact at Roda JC, he became the club’s fan favourite there. On 27 December 2007 he scored his second Roda JC goal, in a 1–0 win over Heerenveen. On 4 April 2008, however, Tioté was sent-off in the 33rd minutes, in a 2–0 loss against NEC, which turns out to be his last appearance. After serving two match suspension for the rest of the season, he went on to make thirty appearance and scoring two times in all competitions.

At the end of the season, Roda JC expressed interest in signing Tioté, along with Cercle Brugge. Eventually, on 12 June 2008, Tioté signed for Dutch Eredivisie side Twente for a fee reported to be around €750,000, signing a four-year contract, with an option for another year. Upon joining the club, Tioté said he doubted of having first team football at Anderlecht should he have stayed.

Tioté made his competitive debut for the club on 13 August 2008, in a UEFA Champions League qualification round, in a 2–0 loss against Arsenal. Weeks later, on 30 August 2008, he made his league debut, making his first start, in a 1–1 draw against Roda JC in the opening game of the season. However, in a match against Feyenoord on 18 April 2009, he was sent off after a second bookable offence, which saw Twente lose 1–0. After returning to the first team from suspension, Tioté played the whole game in the final of KNVB Cup against Heerenveen, but lost out in the penalty-shootout after the game played 120 minutes, drawing 2–2. Despite this, Tioté established himself in the first team in his first season, as he made forty-one appearances in all competitions.

Ahead of his second season at the club, Tioté was linked a move away from Twente, with French clubs expressing interest in signing him. After staying at the club throughout the summer, Tioté continued to be a first team regular and was sent-off on 20 September 2009, in a 3–2 win over Utrecht after a second bookable offence. On 10 April 2010, Tioté then scored his first goal for Twente, in a 2–0 win over Heerenveen. After receiving a yellow card during a 1–0 loss against AZ Alkmaar on 13 April 2010, Tioté served a one match suspension for this. Tioté made his return from suspension in the last game of the season, coming on as a second-half substitute, in a 2–0 win over NAC Breda to win the club’s first ever league title. He also featured in the Europa League and Champions League, as he made forty-two appearances and scoring once in all competitions.

On 23 March 2009, Tioté was called up by Ivory Coast for the first time, but did not play. After being called up once more in May, he made his international debut on 12 August in a friendly match against Tunisia. He was selected in the Ivory Coast’s squad for the 2010 Africa Cup of Nations squad and given the squad number 9.

On 26 August 2010, Tioté joined English Premier League side Newcastle United for a fee of £3.5 million, after he was granted a work permit. Upon joining the club, Tioté spoke to the local newspaper, the Evening Chronicle, about the move, saying: “It’s a great thrill for me to be joining such a famous club as Newcastle United.” He was given the number 24 shirt.

He made his debut on 18 September against Everton at Goodison Park. He completed all of his 64 passes, made two interceptions, completed all five of his attempted tackles, and his only shot was on target. Tioté quickly became a favourite among supporters. On 8 January 2011, he was sent off during Newcastle’s third round FA Cup match against Stevenage. Whilst Tioté managed to touch the ball before Jon Ashton, his unorthodox way of doing so meant Ashton collided with him, and referee Andre Marriner had little choice but to give him his marching orders. Newcastle attempted to appeal the decision, but the FA decided to uphold it, and Tioté was suspended for three matches. On 5 February, Tioté scored his first, and what was to be his only goal for the club, a 25-yard volley for the late equaliser in a 4–4 draw against Arsenal, after Newcastle had trailed 4–0 at half time. On 25 February 2011, Newcastle announced that Tioté had signed a new six-and-a-half-year contract to show his commitment to the club, keeping him at Newcastle until 2017. Upon signing his new deal, Tioté said: “The experience of playing in the Premier League has been better than I ever hoped it could be. This is a great club and the fans have been brilliant – I have never known support like it.” Despite setback from suspensions, he went on to finish his first season, making twenty-eight appearances and scoring once in all competitions.

In the 2011–12 season, Tioté started the season well for the club when he set up two goals in two matches between 17 and 24 September 2011, against Aston Villa and Blackburn Rovers, which resulted in a draw and a win respectively. However, during a 1–0 win over Wigan Athletic on 22 October 2011, he suffered a broken nose and knee injury that resulted him out for two months. He returned on 17 December 2011, playing 82 minutes before being substituted, in a 0–0 draw against Swansea City. After the end of the African Cup of Nations, Tioté returned to the first team, where he set up one of the goals, in a 2–2 draw against Wolverhampton Wanderers on 25 February 2012. As the 2011–12 season progressed, he went on to make 24 appearances in all competitions.

In May 2011, Tioté’s car was seized by the police for motoring offences. On 13 February 2013, he was arrested on suspicion of fraud, and had his car seized by the police. After admitting to possessing a forged Belgian driving licence, he was given a suspended sentence, as well as a six-month ban from driving.

After two seasons at Newcastle, Tioté picked up 25 yellow cards from 50 league games, a return of one yellow card every two games, but only received one sending off, against local rivals Sunderland. He was sent off in Newcastle’s 1–1 draw at the Stadium of Light on 21 October 2012, for a late challenge on Steven Fletcher. In a 1–0 win against Queens Park Rangers on 22 December 2012, Tioté received a yellow card, picking his fifth booking of the season and resulting him suspended for one match. However, throughout the 2012–13 season, Tioté suffered a setback, due to international commitment on two occasions and injury. Despite this, he went on to make thirty-one appearances in all competitions in the 2012–13 season.

On 13 January 2012, Tioté was sent off for a “crazy challenge” in an 2012 Africa Cup of Nations warm up match against Tunisia However, he was in the starting line-up for the Ivory Coast’s opening two group matches and both the semi final and final, in which he scored the team’s first kick in the penalty shootout defeat to Zambia. Following the end of the tournament, Tioté revealed that he gave away his medal to his friend because of the loss

In the 2013–14 season, Tioté captained Newcastle for the first time, replacing Fabricio Coloccini and Yohan Cabaye (both of whom were ruled out by injury), and performed well in a 2–2 draw on 19 October 2013. Following the match, his role as captain was praised by Manager Alan Pardew, who wanted him to captain another match. On 12 January 2014, and with Newcastle trailing 1–0 at home to Manchester City, Tioté had a goal controversially disallowed. In similar fashion to the leveller against Arsenal two years previous, Tioté struck a volley from outside the area, which went past City’s goalkeeper Joe Hart. Referee Mike Jones thought that Yoan Gouffran (who had been in an offside position) had blocked Hart’s line of vision, although replays showed that this was not the case. Like the Arsenal match, Tioté wildly celebrated the goal, running over to the bench. However, Hart, with some of his teammates, contested the decision to the referee and the linesman, and with most of the Newcastle players away from the pitch (only Cabaye was near the linesman), the goal was disallowed. Newcastle would concede deep into injury time, compounding a miserable afternoon. Football pundits largely criticised the decision to disallow Tioté’s goal. Later that month, Cabaye left the club to join Paris Saint-Germain, thus disrupting the successful partnership between the two men. As a result, his form suffered, with replacement Dan Gosling not up to the preferred standard. However, Tioté was given the captain’s armband in the absence of Coloccini, who had suffered a knee injury against West Bromwich Albion. At the end of the 2013–14 season, Tioté went on to make thirty-six appearances in all competitions.

He had two children with his first wife, Madah. During his time at Newcastle United, the couple lived in the village of Ponteland in Northumberland, and were married some time before his move to Newcastle. On 29 September 2014, it was reported by the Newcastle Chronicle that Tioté had married a second wife, Laeticia Doukrou, in the capital of the Ivory Coast, Abidjan. The marriage had taken place before the start of the season. His agent Jean Musampa, confirmed the marriage to the local newspaper, saying “I can say that he did get married and that it is his second marriage.” Shortly afterwards, it was reported that his mistress Nkosiphile Mpofu, with whom he had a child, had ended their relationship.

On 9 February 2017, Tioté joined China League One side Beijing Enterprises for an undisclosed fee. Tioté made his Beijing Enterprises debut, in the opening game of the season, playing the whole game, in a 2–1 loss against Qingdao Huanghai. He appeared in 11 of 12 matches for the club until his last match on 3 June 2017 against Baoding Yingli Yitong with a 4–2 win.

On 5 June 2017, Tioté died in Beijing, China, after suffering a cardiac arrest in training. Demba Ba was amongst the first to pay tribute to the Ivorian via social media, and soon afterwards, many of his former Newcastle teammates followed suit. His former managers were similarly effusive with praise: Rafael Benítez labelled him “a true professional”, Alan Pardew described him as “everything that you want in a Newcastle player”, Steve McClaren (who had managed him at both Twente and Newcastle) remembered him as the toughest player he had ever seen, and Chris Hughton (who had brought him to Newcastle) spoke of his humility and called him “the perfect fit”.