Naser Khader was named after Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser. Khader’s father emigrated to Europe in the 1960s—a period when European countries had begun the call for foreign workers. Naser himself did not join his father until 1974, when he moved from his village in Syria to a flat in central Copenhagen, Denmark. He graduated from the Rysensteen Gymnasium in 1983.

In 2006, he was awarded Jyllands-Posten’s Freedom of Expression award. As the newspaper had published cartoons of the Islamic prophet Muhammad the award affected the perception of Khader among “practicing Muslims” according to Tim Jensen,.

When it was reported that Ahmed Akkari, spokesman for the group of Danish Imams that toured the Middle East seeking support during the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy, said “…If Khader becomes Minister of Integration, it would be likely that someone dispatched two guys to blow him and the Ministry up?…”.Vid. (Fr.) Naser Khader stated that he had to consider whether or not to continue in politics. When Akkari was later confronted with his statement, he said that he was joking. Later, on 1 April 2006, Khader indicated that he would return to politics.

During the 2007 parliamentary election campaign, Qvortrup published a story in his tabloid magazine Se og Hør, accusing Khader of tax fraud on the basis of one paid anonymous source, and without any substantiated evidence to support the claim. Several anonymous workers were reported to having admitted to moonlighting at Khader’s private home. In reaction, Khader called Qvortrup a “swine”, a common Danish insult similar to the word “jerk”, and declined to comment on the story; shortly after, he expressed regret for the use of that word. Khader claimed he had documents proving that everything was legitimate and threatened to sue the magazine for libel, which he later did. Khader won the case against Se og Hør in December 2012 and was thus completely exonerated of the allegations of fraud that may have cost him his parliamentary seat in 2007. Qvortrup, however, maintains that the story was correct.

Previously a member of the Social Liberals Party, Khader withdrew from the Party on 7 May 2007 in order to create his own party, Ny Alliance, which about a year later regrouped to become Liberal Alliance.

In the national election held on 13 November 2007, Naser Khader’s Liberal Alliance party succeeded in winning five seats. On 5 January 2009 Khader himself left the party, retaining his seat in the Danish Parliament. He later joined the Conservative Party but was not re-elected in the 2011 Danish general elections. He was reelected as a member of the Conservative Party on 18 June 2015 and is currently representing that party in Parliament.