Noel Darleen Neill was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the daughter of journalist David Holland Neill, news editor of the Minneapolis Star Journal newspaper, and stage dancer Lavere Gorsboth. When she was 4 years old, her parents enrolled her at “a school for aspiring performers.” During her teen years, Neill “danced, sang and even played the banjo at county fairs throughout the midwest.” She attended Central High School in Minneapolis. When she graduated from high school in 1938, her first job was writing articles for Women’s Wear Daily.

In 1943, Neill married makeup artist Harold Lierley in Hollywood, California. The marriage was annulled shortly afterward. Neill then married William Behrens in 1953 in Santa Monica, California; the marriage ended in divorce in 1962. While still married to Behrens, the Superman television program was canceled. It was then that her acting career diminished and Neill became a homemaker, later working in the television department at United Artists. Following her divorce from Behrens, Neill married Joel Taylor. The marriage lasted seven years and ended with the couple divorcing in 1971.

In 1945, producer Sam Katzman gave Neill the recurring role of Betty Rogers, an aggressive reporter for a high-school newspaper, in his series of “Teen Agers” musical comedies, beginning with Junior Prom in 1946. When Katzman was casting his Superman serial for Columbia Pictures, he remembered Noel Neill’s news-hawk portrayals and signed her to play Lois Lane. She played the role in the film serials Superman (1948) and Atom Man vs. Superman (1950), with Kirk Alyn portraying Superman/Clark Kent.

In her teens, Neill was a popular photographic model. While Betty Grable’s pin-up was number one among GIs during World War II, Neill’s was ranked number two. After she signed a contract with Paramount Pictures, it led to appearances in many of the studio’s feature films and short subjects. In the mid-1940s, Noel had a leading role in one of Monogram Pictures’ wayward-youth melodramas, and she became a familiar face in Monogram features for the next several years, especially in the recurring role of Betty Rogers. She appeared in the last of the original Charlie Chan movies, Sky Dragon (1949), and also played damsels in distress in Monogram Westerns and Republic Pictures serials. Neill also appeared in a 1950 episode of The Lone Ranger. Neill sang with Bob Crosby and his orchestra. She also sang at the Del Mar Turf Club, which was owned by Bing Crosby.

When Adventures of Superman came to television in 1951, veteran movie actors George Reeves and Phyllis Coates took the leading roles for the first season. By the time the series found a sponsor and a network time slot, Coates had committed herself to another production, so the producers called on Neill to reprise her role as Lois. She continued on the series for five seasons until it left the air in 1958. In 1954 she also appeared in Stamp Day for Superman which was produced by Superman Inc. for the United States Department of the Treasury to promote the purchase of U.S.Savings Bonds. It was only distributed in schools to educate children about the bond program. She was scheduled to appear in the seventh season with co-star Jack Larson in 1960, but after Reeves’s tragic and sudden death, the seventh season was canceled, officially ending the show. While Phyllis Coates generally distanced herself from the role, Neill embraced her association with Lois Lane, giving frequent talks on college campuses during the 1970s, when interest in the series was revived, endearing herself to audiences with her warmth and humor.

Neill continued to appear in Superman-related productions. She originated the role of Lois Lane’s mother, Ellen (alternatively, Ella) Lane, in a cameo for the 1978 film Superman, with Kirk Alyn as Lois’ father, Sam Lane – as was the case in reverse with the role of Lois in 1951, Phyllis Coates would later succeed Neill in the role of Ella in Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman; Lois & Clark star Teri Hatcher continued the tradition when she made a guest appearance on Smallville as Ella Lane. In an episode of the TV series Superboy, Neill appeared alongside her former castmate Jack Larson, who had played Jimmy Olsen on TV. Her personal appearance at the Metropolis, Illinois, Superman Festival was featured on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. As “Aunt Lois”, she made a guest appearance in the independent superhero film Surge of Power: The Stuff of Heroes, and she played Gertrude Vanderworth (the dying elderly wife of Lex Luthor) in the 2006 film Superman Returns.

In 2003, writer Larry Ward wrote an authorized biography of Neill, Truth, Justice, & The American Way: The Life And Times Of Noel Neill, The Original Lois Lane. A limited-edition, expanded version of the book was released in 2006. In 2007, Ward wrote another book on Neill, Beyond Lois Lane, which focused on the actress’ other acting and modeling work.

In 2004, Neill received a Golden Boot Award for her work in Western films.

On June 15, 2010, the southern Illinois city of Metropolis unveiled a statue of Lois Lane. The Lois Lane statue is modeled on Noel Neill. Neill stated that she was honored to be memorialized with the statue.

A fall at her Tucson, Arizona home in 2010 resulted in Neill suffering from a hip fracture. She was hospitalized following surgery to repair the fracture at Tucson Medical Center.

Following an extended illness, Neill died in Tucson on July 3, 2016, at age 95. Her publicist and biographer, Larry Ward, paid tribute to her role as Lois Lane, as did actor Mark Hamill. Neill had no immediate surviving family members.

In November 2017, the TV show Supergirl paid tribute by naming a character Noel Neill in the 3rd season episode “Midvale”, portrayed by Erica Durance (who also played Lois Lane in Smallville before replacing Laura Benanti as Alura Zor-El post-season three of “Supergirl”).